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Symptoms and signs of prostatitis in men

Prostatitis is an inflammatory process, the focus of which is the prostate gland.Another popular name is prostate.This disease and the associated pelvic (groin area) pain are accompanied by painful sensations in and around the prostate.

Most cases of pain occur due to the following reasons:

  • infection;
  • inflammation;
  • some health problems.

Prostatitis can occur in any man, both in middle age and in young age.Do not neglect the prevention of male prostatitis.

The role of the prostate gland in the body

The prostate is a small, round, irregular gland that is part of the male reproductive system.The location of the gland is under the bladder, just in front of the rectum.Surrounded by muscles and nerves, the prostate contains the urethra, or urethra (the tube that carries urine and semen out of the body).

The prostate gland has a specific job: to help create a liquid environment for sperm.
This seminal fluid protects and energizes the sperm on its way to the female egg.

The first signs of development of prostatitis

There are few signs of this disease.But if you find yourself having at least 2 of the following symptoms:consult a urologist immediately.

  • The flow of urine falls slowly or its range of actionless than 20 cm.
  • Difficulty, dripping, urination.
  • Pain and burning during urination.
  • Intermittency, bifurcation, spraying of the jet, duration of the process.
  • Sensation of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
  • Frequent urination at night.
  • Pain between the genitals and the anus.

We advise you not to diagnose yourself, but to undergo all the necessary tests in hospital.

Prostatitis has a complex pathogenesis, and self-medication based on general symptoms represents a serious health danger.Only a urologist can make a correct diagnosis after a series of tests.

Forms and symptoms of prostatitis

There are 4 types of disease:

  1. Chronic bacterial prostatitis.
  2. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).
  3. Acute (sudden) bacterial prostatitis.
  4. Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

This health problem can last for many years, despite the treatment adopted.The most common pathogen is Escherichia coli (lat.Escherichia coli).

Characteristic symptoms of this form:

  • Burning sensation during urination.
  • Frequent need to urinate during the night.
  • Pain in the bladder, testicles and penis, as well as between the genitals and anus.
  • Painful ejaculation.

Treatment is based on antibiotics.In most cases, doctors prescribe drugs and the drug must be taken6-8 weeks.After completion of therapyup to 50%patients have relapsed.Therefore, once the disease has subsided, we must not forget about prevention.

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS)

CP/CPPS is the most common type of disease.Symptoms are similar to the bacterial form of prostatitis, but the pathogen is unknown.

CP/CPPS can be caused by bacteria, particularly chlamydia, mycoplasma (transmitted through sexual intercourse) or ureaplasma.Or inflammation of the prostate in men develops if the body reacts to an infection or injury suffered in the past.

Treatment options includealpha 1 blockerAndanti-inflammatory drugs.In many cases, simple measures such as heat, baths or relaxation procedures lead to improvement.

Of course, there is currently no more effective therapy.Therefore, treatment for CPPS is long and often not very effective.For patients, this often represents serious psychological stress, which in turn can negatively influence the course of the disease.Therefore, psychological support or psychotherapy is very desirable.

Acute (sudden) bacterial prostatitis.

Its symptoms often appear suddenly.In most cases, the causative agent is Escherichia coli (lat.Escherichia coli).

Normal prostate (left) and inflamed prostate with prostatitis (right)

Since the acute form is a bacterial disease, it is treated accordingly with antibiotics.Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group are used here.Timely treatment can resolve this problem and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.

Acute painful sensations force you to immediately seek medical help.

The patient presents the following symptoms:

  • Fever.
  • Chills.
  • Difficulty emptying the bladder.
  • Strong burning sensation when going to the bathroom.

Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis

The danger of this variety is that it manifests itself hidden, without disturbing with symptoms.This type can be discovered when testing for other types of problems.

The reasons why the mechanism of this form is activated are largely unclear.The nerves and muscles in the groin begin to ache due to infections, inflammation, and other problems.

Causes of the disease

Doctors have identified several possible causes, including:

  • Previously discovered bacterial infections in the prostate gland.
  • Atypical bacteria (resistant to antibiotics).
  • Irritation caused by collection of urine in the prostate gland.
  • Problems with the nerve connections in the lower urinary tract.
  • Parasites.
  • Problems with the pelvic muscles.
  • Viruses and decreased immunity.
  • A sedentary lifestyle that leads to poor circulation.
  • Irregular sexual intercourse or complete absence of sex.

What risk factors exist for the development of prostatitis?

The causes of most cases of inflammation are not fully understood.Several things can increase your risk of getting bacterial prostatitis:

  1. a catheter (tube to drain fluids from the body) or other recently inserted device has been inserted into the urethra;
  2. abnormal structure of the urinary tract;
  3. recent bladder infection;
  4. hypothermia.

Is it possible to prevent prostatitis?

In most cases the disease cannot be prevented.Practicing safe sex can only reduce the risk of contracting those types of diseases caused by microbes.Therefore, sexual intercourse with a regular partner you trust is another factor in men's health.

How is prostatitis diagnosed in men?

Physical exam

Your doctor may perform a manual rectal examination (MRE) of your rectum:

  1. It is done by inserting a lubricated finger of a hand wearing a sterile glove into the opening of the anus.
  2. The doctor will press on the prostate gland and feel whether it is enlarged or in a normal, soft state.
  3. Lumps or hardness may suggest the presence of prostate cancer.
  4. The specialist will ask you how much pain or discomfort you feel when touching the area near the gland.
  5. If you are sick, the exam can be uncomfortable and painful.
  6. But it will not cause any harm and will not cause long-term pain.

Carry out tests in the laboratory

If your doctor suspects that you have problems with your prostate and surrounding tissues, he or she will refer you to a urologist.

If you have symptoms of prostatitis, you should get tested for hidden infections.

Urologistis a specialist who deals with problems of the urinary tract and the male reproductive system.Your urologist or other specialist can order tests to find out the cause and how to help.

Each type of disease requires a different approach to treatment.

Your doctor will be able to determine which type you need to ensure that other health problems are not contributing to your symptoms.Many tests are used to find the answer.

Ultrasound

To take a closer look at the prostate gland, the doctor prescribes an examination of the rectum using ultrasound.Ultrasounduses sound waves reflected from an organ to examine its condition.To “see” the source of the inflammation, an ultrasound probe is placed in the anus.The procedure does not cause any worsening of the condition, so there is no need to be afraid.

Get a pap smear

Your doctor will test your urine and prostate gland fluid to find out the cause of your problems.During the manual rectal examination, when the prostate was massaged, fluid leaked from the penis, identified as prostatic secretion.

Laboratory method for the diagnosis of prostatitis

Urine and pronounced discharge are checked for microflora.The test result can show whether the problem is with the urinary canal, the prostate or the bladder.

Blood and semen are also tested for bacteria, white blood cells, or other symptoms of infection.Also, if you have recently been treated with antibiotics, your test results will also change.

Diagnosis using cystoscope

The urologist examines the inside of the urinary tract, prostate, and bladder using a cystoscope.It's a long, thin telescope with a light bulb at the end.First, your doctor will give you anesthesia.He will then carefully insert the cystoscope into your bladder and analyze the condition of your organs.

Can prostatitis cause cancer?

Although inflammation of the prostate gland causes a lot of discomfort, it is not capable of causing cancer.There is a blood test that doctors recommend to determine the presence of a tumor.It's called a prostate-specific antigen test (called PSA for short).In the presence of inflammation, PDA levels may increase.This doesn't mean you have cancer.Your doctor will measure your PDA level several times during treatment.

Do not forget that you need to constantly monitor your health and adhere to preventive recommendations.Be healthy and don't get sick!